Title: The Initial Mass Function Based on the Full-sky 20-pc Census of ~3,600 Stars and Brown Dwarfs Authors: Kirkpatrick J.D., Marocco F., Gelino C.R., Raghu Y., Faherty J.K., Bardalez Gagliuffi D.C., Schurr S.D., Apps K., Schneider A.C., Meisner A.M., Kuchner M.J., Caselden D., Smart R.L., Casewell S.L., Raddi R., Kesseli A., Andersen N.S., Antonini E., Beaulieu P., Bickle T.P., Bilsing M., Chieng R., Colin G., Deen S., Dereveanco A., Doll K., Luca H.A.D., Frazer A., Gantier J.M., Gramaize L., Grant K., Hamlet L.K., Higashimura H., Hyogo M., Jalowiczor P.A., Jonkeren A., Kabatnik M., Kiwy F., Martin D.W., Michaels M.N., Pendrill W., Pessanha Machado C., Pumphrey B., Rothermich A., Russwurm R., Sainio A., Sanchez J., Sapelkin-Tambling F.T., Schumann J., Selg-Mann K., Singh H., Stenner A., Sun G., Tanner C., Thevenot M., Ventura M., Voloshin N.V., Walla J., Wedracki Z., Adorno J.I., Aganze C., Allers K.N., Brooks H., Burgasser A.J., Calamari E., Connor T., Costa E., Eisenhardt P.R., Gagne J., Gerasimov R., Gonzales E.C., Hsu C., Kiman R., Li G., Low R., Mamajek E., Pantoja B.M., Popinchalk M., Rees J.M., Stern D., Suarez G., Theissen C., Tsai C.-W., Vos J.M., Zurek D., The Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Collaboration Table: Giants and Subgiants in the 20-pc Census ================================================================================ Byte-by-byte Description of file: apjsad24e2t11_mrt.txt -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 15 A15 --- Name Name 17- 17 A1 --- fLum Flag on Luminosity Class (1) 19- 27 A9 --- SName Approximate J2000 Coordinates used as a short name throughout text 29- 44 A16 --- SpT Spectral type; see Table 4 for references 48- 52 F5.3 Msun Mass Mass 54- 58 F5.3 Msun e_Mass ?="" Lower or symmetric uncertainty on Mass 60- 63 F4.2 Msun E_Mass ?="" Upper uncertainty on Mass 65- 65 A1 --- r_Mass Reference for Mass (2) 67- 68 I2 --- f_Mass Flags on Mass (3) 70-128 A59 --- Method Method for Mass determination -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): Flags on Luminosity Class as follows: c = Luminosity class II suggests a more evolved state for this star than its placement on the HR diagram -- subgiant or giant -- attests. The cause for this "anomalous luminosity effect" is unknown but is a feature of the {rho} Puppis class of pulsators (Gray & Corbally (2009) [2009ssc..book.....G]). d = Fuhrmann (2008) [2008MNRAS.384..173F] believes this object is young, not evolved. f = Some references classify this object as G4 V-IV (e.g., Strassmeier et al. (2018) [2018A&A...612A..45S]), and its placement just above the main sequence indicates that it may just be moving into a later stage of evolution. Note (2): References for the mass measurements and estimates as follows: 1 = Abt (2017) [2017PASP..129d4201A]; 2 = Affer et al. (2005) [2005A&A...433..647A]; 3 = Allende Prieto & Lambert (1999) [1999A&A...352..555A]; 4 = Andrade (2019) [2019A&A...630A..96A]; 5 = Mugrauer et al. (2022) [2022AN....34324014M]; 6 = Batten & Fletcher (1992) [1992JRASC..86...99B]; 7 = Brewer et al. (2016) [2016ApJS..225...32B]; 8 = Bruntt et al. (2010) [2010MNRAS.405.1907B]; 9 = Che et al. (2011) [2011ApJ...732...68C]; 10 = Cvetkovic & Ninkovic (2010) [2010SerAJ.180...71C]; 11 = David & Hillenbrand (2015) [2015ApJ...804..146D]; 12 = D'Orazi et al. (2017) [2017A&A...598A..19D]; 13 = Fuhrmann & Chini (2012a) [2012ApJS..203...30F]; 14 = Fuhrmann et al. (2011a) [2011MNRAS.411.2311F]; 15 = Fuhrmann (2008) [2008MNRAS.384..173F]; 16 = Hatzes et al. (2012) [2012A&A...543A..98H]; 17 = Gardner et al. (2021) [2021ApJ...921...41G]; 18 = Kallinger et al. (2019) [2019A&A...624A..35K]; 19 = Kallinger et al. (2010) [2010A&A...509A..77K]; 20 = Katoh et al. (2013) [2013AJ....145...41K]; 21 = Li et al. (2019) [2019MNRAS.483..780L]; 22 = Nielsen et al. (2019) [2019AJ....158...13N]; 23 = Boyajian et al. (2012) [2012ApJ...746..101B]; 24 = Ramm et al. (2021) [2021MNRAS.502.2793R]; 25 = Takeda et al. (2007) [2007ApJS..168..297T]; 26 = Tokovinin (2008) [2008MNRAS.389..925T]; 27 = Torres et al. (2015) [2015ApJ...807...26T]; 28 = von Braun et al. (2011) [2011ApJ...740...49V]; 29 = Fekel et al. (2017) [2017AJ....154..120F]; 30 = Akeson et al. (2021) [2021AJ....162...14A]; 31 = Stassun et al. (2017) [2017AJ....153..136S]. Note (3): Flags on Mass as follows: e = Fekel et al. (2017) [2017AJ....154..120F] calculates minimum masses (M\sin^3{i}) from orbital dynamics of 0.8463 +/- 0.0014 Msun for HD 188088 A and 0.8316 +/- 0.014 Msun for HD 188088 B. These authors believe that both components are normal K dwarfs, the subgiant classification likely resulting from the slight metal richness of these stars. Given that these minimum masses are close to the mass expected for this dwarf class, the inclination is suspected of being near 90deg despite the lack of eclipses in the system. g = Evolutionary models suggest a mass of 1.08 +/- 0.06 Msun, toward the upper end of the range deduced from asteroseismology, and a relatively old age of 7.1 (+1.5, -1.2) Gyr (Ramirez & Allende Prieto(2011) [2011ApJ...743..135R]). (An object with a mass of ~0.90 Msun has a main sequence lifetime exceeding a Hubble time and will not yet have evolved to a giant state; see section 1.7 of Hansen & Kawaler (1994) [1994sipp.book.....H]) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- {beta} Cas 0009+5908 F2 III 1.91 0.02 9 Interferometry + rapid-rotation models {alpha} Tri A 0153+2934 F6 IV 1.70 15 Spectral fit to atmospheric models {chi} Eri A 0155-5136 G9 IV 1.58 13 Placement on evolutionary tracks 10 Tau 0336+0024 F9 IV-V 1.139 0.016 23 Interferometry + model isochrones {delta} Eri 0343-0945 K1 III-IV 1.33 0.07 8 Asteroseismology (direct measurement) {tau}^6^ Eri 0346-2314 F5 IV-V 1.44 0.13 13 Placement on evolutionary tracks {epsilon} Ret A 0416-5918 K2 III 1.48 25 Spectral fit to atmospheric models HD 283750 Aa 0436+2707 K3 IV ke 0.84 0.19 15 Placement on evolutionary tracks {pi}^3^ Ori 0449+0657 F6 IV-V 1.283 0.006 23 Interferometry + model isochrones {alpha} Aur Aa 0516+4559 G1 III 2.569 0.007 27 Orbital dynamics (direct measurement) {alpha} Aur Ab 0516+4559 K0 III 2.483 0.007 27 Orbital dynamics (direct measurement) {xi} Gem 0645+1253 F5 IV-V 1.706 0.012 23 Interferometry + model isochrones HD 53143 0659-6120 K0 IV-V (k) 1.0 22 Placement on color-magnitude diagram {alpha} Gem Aa 0734+3153 A1.5 IV+ 2.98 26 Estimated from spectral type/color {beta} Gem 0745+2801 K0 III 1.91 0.09 16 Asteroseismology (direct measurement) {rho} Pup c 0807-2418 F5II kF2II mF5II 1.9 0.1 1 Placement of general {rho} Pup class on evolutionary tracks HD 73752 Aa 0839-2239 G5 IV 1.21 14 Spectral fit to atmospheric models {rho}^1^ Cnc A 0852+2819 K0 IV-V 0.91 0.02 28 Placement on evolutionary tracks 10 UMa A 0900+4146 F5 IV-V 1.396 0.002 4 Orbital dynamics (direct measurement) HD 78366 d 0908+3352 G0 IV-V 1.08 15 Spectral fit to atmospheric models {tau}^1^ Hya Aa 0929-0246 F5.5 IV-V 1.20 11 Placement on evolutionary tracks {theta} UMa A 0932+5140 F5.5 IV-V 1.506 0.095 23 Interferometry + model isochrones 15 LMi 0948+4601 G0 IV-V 1.11 0.15 7 Spectral fit to atmospheric models {delta} Leo 1114+2031 A5 IV(n) 2.061 0.006 23 Interferometry + model isochrones {beta} Vir 1150+0145 F8.5 IV-V 1.42 0.08 8 Asteroseismology (direct measurement) HD 104304 A 1200-1026 G8 IV 0.98 25 Spectral fit to atmospheric models e Vir Aa 1316+0925 G0 IV 1.22 12 Placement on evolutionary tracks 70 Vir f 1328+1346 G5 V 1.14 0.08 31 L_bol_ + T_eff_ + spectrum-based log(g) {tau} Boo A 1347+1727 F7 IV-V 1.34 25 Spectral fit to atmospheric models {eta} Boo Aa 1354+1823 G0 IV 1.77 0.11 8 Asteroseismology (direct measurement) {theta} Cen 1406-3622 K0 III 1.27 13 Placement on evolutionary tracks {alpha} Boo 1415+1910 K0 III 0.80 0.20 g 19 Asteroseismology (direct measurement) HD 125072 1419-5922 K3 IV 0.88 25 Spectral fit to atmospheric models {alpha} Cen B 1439-6050 K2 IV C2+1** 0.909 0.003 30 Orbital dynamics (direct measurement) HD 130948 A 1450+2354 F9 IV-V 1.18 0.16 7 Spectral fit to atmospheric models {lambda} Ser 1546+0721 G0 IV-V 1.15 0.15 7 Spectral fit to atmospheric models HD 140901 A 1547-3754 G7 IV-V 0.99 25 Spectral fit to atmospheric models 14 Her 1610+4349 K0 IV-V 0.73 0.10 7 Spectral fit to atmospheric models {zeta} Her A 1641+3136 G2 IV 1.04 0.03 20 Orbital dynamics (direct measurement) {epsilon} Sco A 1650-3417 K1 III 1.4 0.1 18 Asteroseismology (direct measurement) HD 154088 1704-2834 K0 IV-V 0.92 25 Spectral fit to atmospheric models HD 158614 A 1730-0103 G9- IV-V Hdel1 0.963 0.005 4 Orbital dynamics (direct measurement) {alpha} Oph A 1734+1233 A5 IV nn 2.20 0.06 17 Orbital dynamics (direct measurement) 26 Dra A 1734+6152 G0 IV-V 1.06 10 Orbital dynamics + astrophysical assumptions {mu} Ara 1744-5150 G3 IV-V 1.21 0.13 8 Asteroseismology (direct measurement) {mu}^1^ Her A 1746+2743 G5 IV 1.10 0.06 0.11 21 Asteroseismology (direct measurement) {eta} Ser 1821-0253 K0 III-IV 1.45 0.21 8 Asteroseismology (direct measurement) 110 Her 1845+2032 F5.5 IV-V 1.422 0.009 23 Interferometry + model isochrones b Aql 1924+1156 G7 IV Hdel1 1.186 0.015 23 Interferometry + model isochrones {delta} Aql Aa 1925+0306 F1 IV-V(n) 1.45 11 Placement on evolutionary tracks HD 188088 Aa 1954-2356 K2 IV (k) 0.85 e 29 Orbital dynamics + other assumptions {beta} Aql A 1955+0624 G9.5 IV 1.26 0.18 8 Asteroseismology (direct measurement) HD 190360 2003+2953 G7 IV-V 0.92 0.12 7 Spectral fit to atmospheric models {delta} Pav 2008-6610 G8 IV 1.07 0.13 8 Asteroseismology (direct measurement) {eta} Cep 2045+6150 K0 IV 1.6 2 Placement on evolutionary tracks {nu} Oct A 2141-7723 K1 III 1.6 0.1 24 Placement on evolutionary tracks {delta} Cap Aa 2147-1607 kA5hF0mF2 III 2.0 6 Orbital dynamics (direct measurement) {gamma} Cep A 2339+7737 K1 III 1.294 0.081 5 Orbital dynamics (direct measurement)